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Prospect of Underground Coal Gasification (UCG) with CCS technology for Jamalganj Coalfield : An alternative solution for Sustainable Energy Development of Bangladesh

초록/요약

Underground coal gasification (UCG) is a method of gasifying Coal in-situ, considered as a cleaner and alternative mining method of capturing energy from underground coal specially which coalfields cannot be exploited by other methods. Due to some socio-political reasons, we are not able to mine the coal reserve of Bangladesh but only a little amount by underground coal mining. The Jamalganj coalfield has a reserve 1,053 million tons at the depth of 640-1,150 m. So, Conventional underground or opencut methods are not possible here. In this study, the mechanism and probability of UCG be explored by observing physical condition, mine condition, coal seam position, coal quality and the possibility of underground combustion, related viability etc. The second part provides an approach in determining how this mechanism and technology by ASPEN+ simulation is discussed. Four parts of this process are (i) Air separation unit for separating O2 for gasification, (ii) Gasification, where gasification happens in the underground coal formation, (iii) Gas Cleaning to separate syngas, required other gases for usages and CO2 for sequestration from the complex gases mixtures and (iv) IGCC powerplant facility that uses the cleaned syngas as fuel for power generation. After ignition, with steam and oxygen coal reacts and produces a synthesis gas (syn-gas). We can utilize the syngas for generating power using IGCC method. It could be also used for producing liquid fuels, producing fertilizers, or other chemical industry purposes. Most of the solid and liquid pollutants remain underground and will not affect the environment too much. This carbon capture storage system will be used in situ in the void ‘goaf’ area above the crystalline basement rock of this deep geological formation strata. Here, a successful 550 MW powerplant is designed by coal feeding 55.2845 kg/sec amount and produced syngas from this unexploited coal resource. This integrated underground coal gasification - CCS - IGCC System could offer many advantages here over the conventional mining and gasification process. This is how this technology could help Bangladesh to mitigate the increased demand for safe energy by securing energy security as in a sustainable approach.

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목차

Chapter 1 : Introduction 1
1.1 Energy Condition of Bangladesh 2
1.2 Problem Statement and Research Questions 4
1.3 Research Objectives 4
1.4 Research Methodology 5
1.5 Theoretical and Empirical Approach 6
1.6 Limitations of the study 6
Chapter 2 : Literature Reviews 9
2.1 UCG Process 9
2.2 Historical Background of UCG 10
2.2.1 Technology and Futrure Development 12
2.3 Previous studies 13
2.4 About the Coal Reserve 17
2.4.1 About the Coal Field 17
2.4.2 Coal Composition and Rank 18
2.5 Positive Factors for this Site Selection 22
Chapter 3 : Gasification Processes 24
3.1 Simulation Properties by ASPEN+ 24
3.1.1 Estimation of Physical Properties 24
3.1.2 Process Description 24
3.2 Cleaning Section 26
3.3 IGCC Powerplant Section 26
3.4 Simulation Models 27
3.5 Methodology of UGC simulation in Aspen Plus software 28
3.5.1 Components List and Properties 28
3.5.2 Reactions and Kinetics used in the simulation 31
3.6 Comparison to the UCG experiment of Hanna, Rocky Mountain-1, Wyoming and Model Validation 35
3.7 Sensitivity Analysis 37
3.7.1 Effect of Steam and Oxygen changing in the model 38
3.8 About CCS or CO2 Sequestration 40
Chapter 4 : Economic Aspects, Policy and Regulations of UCG 42
4.1 Cost Estimation 42
4.2 Regulations and Policy reforming about UCG in Bangladesh 45
4.3 Coal Policy of Bangladesh 47
4.4 Sustainable development goal (SDG) 48
Chapter 5 : Uses of the UCG Products 50
5.1 Applications of UCG products 50
5.2 Environmental Risks of Underground Coal Gasification 51
Chapter 6 : Concluding Remarks 53
6.1 Conclusions 53
6.2 Recommendations 54
References 55
Annex 62
List of Abbreviations 63

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