The Role of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Human Development: a longitudinal study of national level
The Role of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Human Development: a longitudinal study of national level
- 주제(키워드) ICT use , HDI , economic development , gender equality , cultural difference.
- 발행기관 아주대학교
- 지도교수 강민철
- 발행년도 2019
- 학위수여년월 2019. 8
- 학위명 박사
- 학과 및 전공 일반대학원 경영정보학과
- 실제URI http://www.dcollection.net/handler/ajou/000000029118
- 본문언어 영어
- 저작권 아주대학교 논문은 저작권에 의해 보호받습니다.
초록/요약
Since the last few decades, most of countries in the world have undergone a productive, social and economic transformation, giving rise to the Information Society (IS). The Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is one of major aspects in this transformation. That is why lots of countries are increasing to move towards more intensive ICT use and the development of ICT which impacts higher overall competitiveness in numerous ways. In the information society, some researchers started studying the link between ICT and human development (Vinluan, 2011; Kshetri, 2013; Al-Khasawneh et al., 2013;). However, the relationship between the ICT and the effect on human development is not fully understood (Bankole et al., 2011). Recently, some of studies started investigating the ICT impact on human development with data from limited regions in a country or countries (Asongu and Le Roux, 2017; Hashem, 2015; Bankole et al., 2013). Therefore, the main objective of the study is to extend a IS literature through investigating whether the use of ICT has positive impact on human development at the country level. The study is conducted by panel data analysis with data from 139 countries for 2007-2015. In addition, the grouping analyses based on economic development, gender equality, and cultural difference will be conducted to find the role of ICT in human development with different perspective. The results of the study showed that three indicators of ICT use (e.g., individual internet use, fixed-broadband subscriptions and mobile-broadband subscriptions), are highly significant to improve human development index (HDI). In the grouping analysis by economic development, this study contributes to extending that the different way of ICT use is associated with human development index (HDI) in developed and developing countries. However, there is no big difference in the effect of ICT use on the human development index (HDI) between two group countries which have high and low gender equality gap. In the grouping analysis by cultural difference, the study showed that active mobile-broadband subscriptions indicator is not significantly associated with the improvement on human development index (HDI) in low power distance countries and high uncertainty avoidance countries.
more목차
Table of Contents
Acknowledgements i
Abstract i
Table of Contents iii
List of Tables v
Table of Figures vi
Introduction 1
Theoretical background and hypothesis formation 5
A. Human development 5
B. ICT Use 7
C. Role of ICT use in human development 14
Research Methodology 19
A. Data Collection 19 Dependent Variable 20
Explanatory variables 20
Control Variables 20
B. Panel data analysis and methods 21 Fixed-Effects (FE) 22
Random-Effects (RE) 23
Hausman Test 23
Study-1: ICT Use and Human Development – a longitudinal study 25
A. Data Analysis and results 25
B. Discussion 35
Study-2: Analysis by economic development 36
A. Data analysis and results 37
B. Discussion 39
Study-3: Analysis by Gender Equality 40
A. Data Analysis and Results 41
B. Discussion 42
Study-4: Analysis by cultural dimension 44
iv
A. Power Distance (PDI) .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 44
B. Individualism (IDV) .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 44
C. Masculinity (MAS) ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 45
D. Uncertainty Avoidance (UAI) ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 45
E. Data analysis and results ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 46
F. Discussion .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 49
Conclusion .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 50
A. Theoretical implications........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 50
B. Practical implications ................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 51
C. Limitations and future research ................................................................................................................................................................................ 54
References .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 56
Appendix 1 - Description of control variables ...................................................................................................................................................................... 65
Appendix 2. – VIF for multicollinearity test........................................................................................................................................................................... 66
Appendix 3. – Breusch and Pagan Lagrangian multiplier (LM) test .................................................................................................. 67
Appendix 4. – List of high-income countries ........................................................................................................................................................................ 68
Appendix 5. – List of upper middle-income countries ............................................................................................................................................ 69
Appendix 6. – List of lower middle-income countries ............................................................................................................................................ 70
Appendix 7. – List of low-income countries .......................................................................................................................................................................... 71
Appendix 8. – List of high gender equality countries ................................................................................................................................................ 72
Appendix 9. – List of low gender equality countries .................................................................................................................................................. 73
Appendix 10. – Two sample t-test with high/low gender equality countries .......................................................................... 74
Appendix 11. – List of grouping countries by cultural dimension (Power Distance) ................................................ 75
Appendix 12. – List of grouping countries by cultural dimension (Individualism) ...................................................... 76
Appendix 13. – List of grouping countries by cultural dimension (Masculinity) ............................................................ 77
Appendix 14. – List of grouping countries by cultural dimension (Uncertainty Avoidance).......................... 78
Appendix 15. – Two sample t-test with high/low Power Distance countries .......................................................................... 79
Appendix 16. – Two sample t-test with high/low Individualism countries ................................................................................ 80
Appendix 17. – Two sample t-test with high/low Masculinity countries ...................................................................................... 81
Appendix 18. - Two sample t-test with high/low Uncertainty avoidance countries ...................................................... 82
인적
인적 개발에개발에 있어있어 정보정보 통신통신 기술의기술의 역할역할: 국가적국가적 차원의차원의 패널패널 분석분석 .............................................................. 83
