ASSESSMENT OF RENEWABLE ENERGY POTENTIAL IN GHANA; ACHIEVING 10% OF ENERGY MIX TARGET BY 2030
- 주제(키워드) Targets , Policy Makers Energy Policy , Renewable Energy
- 발행기관 아주대학교
- 지도교수 Kim Suduk
- 발행년도 2019
- 학위수여년월 2019. 2
- 학위명 석사
- 학과 국제대학원 융합에너지학과
- 실제URI http://www.dcollection.net/handler/ajou/000000028243
- 본문언어 영어
- 저작권 아주대학교 논문은 저작권에 의해 보호받습니다.
초록/요약
Setting long term target by policy makers are a way of showing commitment and by doing so, they are challenged to initiate activities or programs to meet the target set. Policy makers often comes up with policies as a means of achieving targets. Many countries have set targets for achieving a certain percentage of renewable energy in their national energy mix. The policies are traced to be certain of their performance and if not satisfied, they are either revised or new once are introduced to meet their goal (REN21, Renewable Energy Policy Network for the 21st Century, 2016). Ghana is a West African country blessed with abundant of renewable energy resources, especially solar, wind, biomass, hydro and tidal waves. In order to develop these resources and promote its use, the government of Ghana since the late 1980s have put in policies and measures to accomplish this agenda and to diversify energy generation mix in the country. As times goes by, more policies were being set up to improve on the previous ones to increase the use of renewable energy and create an enabling environment to attract investors. The main renewable policy goal in the country is to integrate 10% of renewable energy in the energy generation mix by 2030 from the current level of 1%. However, it is expected that with all these measures in place, the output of RE (installed capacity) will increase. Unfortunately the picture on the ground is not so. Therefore the objective of this study is to assess the renewable energy policy that exist in Ghana and to find out if the policy can help achieve the set target of RE policy goal of (10%) in the energy mix. Therefore, the renewable energy policy strategies of five countries that are advanced in RE deployment namely; USA, Germany, Korea, China and Egypt were reviewed alongside Ghana’s renewable energy policy and potentials and comparative analysis carried out to draw conclusion. At the end of the studies it was revealed that though Ghana’s renewable energy is still young but has all the necessary basic RE policy in place to achieve its target if they are effectively implemented and more investment made to support the policy. Following the outcome of the research, recommendations were made that would help develop and facilitate the achievement of the policy goal; these includes (I)Strengthening of public private partnership, (II) government should introduce effective and sustainable financial support programs to subsidize and reduce initial cost of RE system, (III) government should invest heavily in the renewable energy sector, and (IV) net metering scheme should be promoted especially in rural and off-grid areas to encourage the use of renewable energy
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv
ABSTRACT i
Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background & Motivation 1
1.2 Problem Statement 3
1.3 Research Objectives 4
1.4 Scope & Methodology 4
1.5 Chapter Outline 5
Chapter 2. OVERVIEW OF GHANA’S ENERGY SECTOR 6
2.1 National Economic Issues 9
2.2 The Potentials of the Different RE Resources in Ghana 10
2.3 Transmission Grid in Ghana 14
2.4 Major Stakeholders in the Energy Sector & Responsibilities 15
2.5 Issues on Ghana Energy 18
2.6 Tariffs 18
Chapter 3. RENEWABLE ENERGY POLICIES IN GHANA & OTHER COUNTRIES 20
3.1 Renewable Policies in Ghana 20
3.2 Policy Achievements 23
3.3 Status of Renewable Energy Technology Developments in Ghana 24
3.4 Renewable Energy Targets and Programmes Being Run to Meet Targets 26
3.5 Positive Impact of Renewable Energy for Off-Grid Rural Communities 29
3.6 Ghana’s Renewable Energy Master Plan 29
3.7 Renewable Policy from Other Countries In Comparison With Ghana’s RE Policy 30
3.7.1 Federal Solar Tax Credits in the United State 31
3.7.2 Renewable Energy Policies in Germany 32
3.7.3 Renewable Energy in Korea 33
3.7.4 Renewable Energy Law/ Policies in China 35
3.7.5 Egyptian Renewable Energy Plan 37
Chapter 4. ANALYSIS OF THE POLICIES 41
4.1 Discussion 43
Chapter 5. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 50
Bibliography 54
APPENDIXES 60
