SUSTAINABILITY OF BIOENERGY IN ETHIOPIA
- 주제(키워드) Biomass , Bioenergy , Inefficiency , Sustainability
- 발행기관 아주대학교
- 지도교수 Kim Suduk
- 발행년도 2019
- 학위수여년월 2019. 2
- 학위명 석사
- 학과 국제대학원 융합에너지학과
- 실제URI http://www.dcollection.net/handler/ajou/000000028236
- 본문언어 영어
- 저작권 아주대학교 논문은 저작권에 의해 보호받습니다.
초록/요약
Bioenergy is a clean and green means energy source. Its use increases worries about its capability to maintain the rising consumption and its harmful impact on the ecosystem, especially in developing nations. These fears are extra leading in Ethiopia where there is a high population growth rate which leads to a high rate of deforestation mostly anticipated to the expansion of cultivated land and rises consumption for biomass energy. Ethiopia consumed an estimated 141,000 hectares of ecological forestry annually due to fuelwood collection, expansion of cultivated land, animal grazing and uses forestry for constructing materials. Usage of backward and ineffective biomass cooking tools along with application also worsens the challenge. It was observed that there has been a high-level of consumption of biomass energy reserves since more than 90 % of the population uses traditional cooking stoves that have an efficiency of less than 12%. The inefficiency of the cooking stove is also criticized for internal air pollution and respiratory illnesses. The objective of this thesis is to estimate the potential of the bioenergy-based resource through the comparison of the demand and supply, also to determine if bioenergy is sustainable for the Ethiopian context. Information throughout this thesis was obtained by using secondary data mostly from CSA (Central Statistical Agency), FAOSTAT (Food and Agricultural Agency Statistical), IEA (International Energy Agency) and MEFCC (Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate Change). The estimations used are from agricultural waste, forest residue, MSW and animal residue data, along with the estimated energy production for 2016, which is the base year, was calculated in this thesis to be 1691 PJ energy. This calculated result cannot meet the annual energy demand of 2016 was 1867 PJ, which is in not agree with the hypothesis of this thesis. This research identifies the sustainability of bioenergy and its use as a main resource which can be developed with further research.
more목차
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
Chapter 2 Literature Review 6
2.1 Potential of Bioenergy Production 6
2.2 Potential of Bioenergy in Ethiopia 6
2.3 Research Gaps 10
Chapter 3 Methodology 11
3.1 Livestock Residual Energy Potential 11
3.2 Municipal Solid Waste Energy potential 12
3.3 Agricultural Residue Energy Potential 12
3.4 Forest Residue Energy Potential 13
3.5 Round Wood Energy Potential 14
Chapter 4 Result and Discussion 16
4.1 Forest Residue Energy Estimation 16
4.2 Agricultural Residue Energy Estimation 20
4.3 Livestock Residue Energy Estimation 24
4.4 MSW Energy Estimation 26
4.5 Biofuel Potential in Ethiopia 28
4.6 Annual Investment on Bioenergy 29
4.7 The Net Increase of Bioenergy Supply 29
4.8 Future Plan Electric Production from Bioenergy 31
4.9 Biomass Energy Consumption 32
4.10 Energy Demand Forecast 33
4.11 Sustainability of Bioenergy 34
Chapter 5 Conclusion and Recommendation 35
5.1 Conclusion 35
5.2 Recommendation 36
References 37
