A CRITICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE ROLE OF NGOS IN PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE AS A MEANS OF POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN CAMEROON : THE CASE OF RURAL COCOA FARMERS IN MEME DIVISION, SOUTH WEST REGION OF CAMEROON
- 주제(키워드) Sustsainable Agriculture , Poverty Alleviation , NGOS
- 발행기관 아주대학교
- 지도교수 Kang, Shin-goo
- 발행년도 2018
- 학위수여년월 2018. 2
- 학위명 석사
- 학과 국제대학원 국제개발협력과
- 실제URI http://www.dcollection.net/handler/ajou/000000026681
- 본문언어 영어
- 저작권 아주대학교 논문은 저작권에 의해 보호받습니다.
초록/요약
Cocoa cultivation is one of the most lucrative sources of income in Cameroon. Many farmers depend on the production of cocoa for their main source of income. The cultivation of cocoa occupies almost 37% of cultivable land in the country with a rapid increase in cultivation. But sustainability of cocoa production still remains a big issue as may peasant farmer still live in poverty despite the high demand for cocoa in the World Market. Cocoa is used in processing industries for the production of chocolate products which are high consumable worldwide as it contained much protein values. The United Nation considered cocoa to be one of the highest income generating cash crop in the world. It is paradoxical in the sense that most profit from cocoa business does not trickledown to the producers but remained within the multinational companies like Nestle’ and Cargill limited. This study seeks to analyze the role of NGOs in the promotion of fair trade as a possible way to alleviate poverty among rural cocoa farmers by encouraging quality production, avoiding exploitation and maintaining a popper environmental management. For cocoa production to be sustainable, both the government and the private sector have to work together as no single structure alone can totally alleviate poverty. It is for this reason that civil societies are encourage by the World Bank and IMF as important organs for poverty alleviation. Then given the opportunities to NGOs to promote sustainable rural development is a significant way to growth.
more목차
CHAPTER 1
1.1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.2 Statement of purpose 2
1.3 The definition of Cocoa 3
1.3.1 Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) 3
1.3.2 Certification 4
1.3.3 Sustainable agriculture 4
1.3.4 Sustainable development 5
1.4 Puzzle. 5
1.5 Hypothesis 6
1.6 Methodology 8
1.7 Theoretical approach 9
1.7.1 The Neoliberal Theory 9
1.7.2 Criticism of neoliberal theory 10
1.7.3 The Concept of Fair Trade 11
1.7.4 Origin of Fair Trade 11
1.7.5 Impacts of Fair Trade 12
1.8 Literature review 13
1.9 'Fair Trade' in Africa 15
1.10 Conclusion 15
CHAPTER 2
A REVIEW OF CAMEROON AND THE HISTORY OF COCOA PRODUCTION IN MEME DIVISION 16
2.1 Introduction 16
2.2 An overview of cocoa production in Meme Division South West Region of Cameroon 16
2.3 Some challenges faced by peasant farms in Meme Division 20
2.3.1 Gender parity 20
2.4 An overview of cocoa production in Cameroon 21
2.5 Agriculture in Cameroon after independence 22
2.6 The Economic Crisis and Structural Adjustment Plan (1986 – 1993) 22
2.7 Global view of cocoa production 24
2.8 Conclusion 26
CHAPTER 3
3.1 Case study: Rural cocoa farmers (Meme Division) 27
3.2 The role of NGOs and Multinationals corporations in Sustainable Agriculture 28
3.2.1 The case of International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) in Capacity Development and agricultural Diversification 28
3.3.1 Objectives of the project 29
Expected result and outputs of the project 30
3.4 Cargill and Telcar cocoa companies 31
3.5 The Federation of Environment and Ecological Diversity for Agriculture Revampment and Human Rights (FEEDAR and HR) 34
3.6 The role of FEEDAR and HR (Kwakwa locality) 34
3.6.1 Challenges faced by FEEDAR and HR alongside other NGOs in CAMEROON 38
3.7 Conflicts between NGOs and the Government 39
3.8 Conclusion 39
CHAPTER 4
4.1 Recommendations 40
4.2 General Conclusion 41
