Escaping the resource curse
- 주제(키워드) International trade and public policy
- 발행기관 Ajou univesity, Graduate School of International Studies
- 지도교수 Kim Han Sung
- 발행년도 2017
- 학위수여년월 2017. 2
- 학위명 석사
- 학과 국제대학원 국제통상학과
- 실제URI http://www.dcollection.net/handler/ajou/000000023987
- 본문언어 영어
- 저작권 아주대학교 논문은 저작권에 의해 보호받습니다.
초록/요약
Mongolia is sparsely populated, natural resources richly endowed and one of the rapidly developing country in the world. In addition, it has 50 million live stocks and relatively large scale land. It seems like there is no way to be poor. But why is Mongolia remaining poor? One of the reasons why this is happening is that Mongolia exports raw materials for low price, in turns imports final goods for expensive price. Generally, FDI is one of the possible source to finance for developing economies, however policymakers need to minimize potential risks. On the other hand, for host countries, it can contribute to technology diffusion, economic growth, employment opportunities, and sustainable development. Thus, government of Mongolia has tried to attract FDI in order to boost the economy. Unfortunately, FDI only invested for mining sector. Logically, mineral wealth should promote economic growth, because natural resource expands the production possibilities of an economy. Unfortunately, mineral wealth became a curse for Mongolia. Mineral exports made Mongolia too much reliant on one single market, and one single sector. To avoid resource curse, Mongolia may change the direction of FDI into industrial sector and implement appropriate policies. Therefore, this research paper tried to demonstrate the current economic situations and problems, moreover make policy recommendations based on other countries’ cases.
more목차
ESCAPING THE RESOURCE CURSE 1
(The Case of Mongolia) 1
CHAPTER 1 1
INTRODUCTION 1
1.1. Background 1
1.2. Statement of problem 6
1.3. Purpose of study 7
1.4. Methodology 8
CHAPTER 2 9
THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 9
2.1. Mineral resource and economic growth 9
2.2. Foreign direct investment and economic growth 12
CHAPTER 3 18
MAJOR MINERAL EXPORTS 18
3.1. Coal export 19
3.2. Copper export 19
3.3. Gold export 21
3.4. Iron ore export 23
CHAPTER 4 25
COMPARATIVE STUDY 25
4.1. The case of Botswana 28
4.2. The case of Norway 29
4.3. The case of Nigeria 30
4.4. The case of Venezuela 32
CHAPTER 5 34
CHANGING THE DIRECTION OF FDI TO THE INDUSTRIAL SECTOR 34
5.1. Wage rates 34
5.2. Labor skills 34
5.3. Tax rates 35
5.4. Transport and infrastructure 35
5.5. Size of economy (Potential for growth) 36
5.6. Political stability (Property rights) 36
5.7. Commodities 36
5.8. Exchange rate 37
5.9. Clustering effects 37
5.10. Access to free trade areas 38
CHAPTER 6 39
CONCLUSION 39
RECOMMENDATIONS: 40
BIBLIOGRAPHY 42
