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GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT AS A MEASNS OF REDUCING POVERTY : THE CASE OF FAR NORTH REGION OF CAMEROON

초록/요약

ABSTRACT Over the years, the Cameroon government has been making efforts to reduce poverty in rural areas, but attaching very little importance to gender equality and women empowerment. Recently some strides have been made by the government in this direction but the consequence can only be felt in some urban areas, while there is still overt discrimination or inequality between men and women. This result has been the continuous dependence of women on men support, leading to poverty among the women. This thesis hopes to analyze the role of gender equality and women empowerment in reducing poverty in rural areas of Cameroon. It hopes to bring out evidence on the effects of women’s access to markets and decision making within the household on poverty reduction. This will be analyzed using the capability approach of Amartya Sen, in his book Development as Freedom and some of the work of Jeffrey Sachs in his book titled The End of Poverty

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TABLE OF CONTENT
DEDICATION……………………………………………………………………………...i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.……………………………………………………………….ii
ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………………….iii
TABLE OF CONTENT…………………………………………………………………..iv
Acronyms………………………………………………………………………………….ⅵ
CHAPTER ONE.…....……………………………………………………………………1
GENERAL INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................... 1
1.1. INTRODUCTORY NOTE .................................................................................. 1
1.2. RESEARCH QUESTIONS .................................................................................. 4
1.3 HYPOTHESIS ....................................................................................................... 4
1.4 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES ................................................................................. 5
1.5 RESEARCH MOTIVATION ............................................................................... 5
1.6 RSEARCH METHODOLOGY ............................................................................ 5
CHAPTER TWO ................................................................................................................ 6
2.1 LITERATURE REVIEW ..................................................................................... 6
2.2 CRITICISMS OF THE CAPABILITY APPROACH ..................................... 13
2.3 CONCLUSION .................................................................................................... 15
CHAPTER THREE ........................................................................................................... 16
v
GENDER INEQUALITY IN THE FAR NORTH REGION OF CAMEROON ......... 16
3.1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 16
3.2 BACKGROUND OF THE FAR NORTH REGION OF CAMEROON ........ 17
3.3 EARLY AND FORCED MARRIAGES ............................................................ 19
3.4 DEPRIVATION OF EDUCATION ................................................................... 20
3.5 THE LAW AND INEQUALITY IN PROPERTY RIGHTS ......................... 22
3.6 SOME EFFORTS BY THE GOVERNMENT TO BRING ABOUT
GENDER EQUALITY .............................................................................................. 24
3.7 FAILURES OF THE GOVERNMENT .......................................................... 26
3.8 STRATEGIC HUMANITARIAN SERVICES (SHUMAS) AND WOMEN
EMPOWERMENT IN THE FAR NORTH REGION OF CAMEROON ........... 28
3.9 A BRIEF HISTORY OF SHUMAS ................................................................. 28
3.10 WOMEN EMPOWERMENT ........................................................................ 31
3.11 AGRICULTURE (ORGANIC FARMING) .................................................. 35
3.12 ADULT LITERACY PROGRAM ................................................................... 37
3.14 CONCLUSION .................................................................................................. 37
CHAPTER FOUR ............................................................................................................. 38
4.1 MAJOR GAPS IN THE ACTIVITIES OF SHUMAS ............................................. 38
4.2 ABSENCE OF AN IOF IN THE FAR NORTH REGION OF CAMEROON
.................................................................................................................................... 38
vi
4.3 ABSENCE OF MECHANISMS TO PRESSURISE THE GOVERNMENT
CHANGE ITS LAWS ON GENDER ISSUES ........................................................ 44
4.4 ABSENCE OF AN OFFICE IN THE FAR NORTH REGION ...................... 45
CHAPTER FIVE ............................................................................................................... 47
5.1 DISCUSSION, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION .................. 47
5.2 RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................................. 48
5.3 THE GOVERNMENT ...................................................................................... 48
5.4 SHUMAS ............................................................................................................ 49
5.5 CONCLUSION .................................................................................................. 49
REFERENCES .................................................................................................................. 50
LIST OF TEXTS ....................................................................................................... 50
Acronyms
UNDR Universal Declaration of Human Rights
CEDAW Convention to Eliminate all forms of Discrimination Against Women
MGDs millennium development goals
SHUMAS Strategic Humanitarian Service
UNDP United Nations Development Program
IOF Integrated Organic Farm Training and Demonstration Centre
NGO Non Governmental Organizations

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