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Age-associated increase of Golgi stress Disturbs microtubule assembly and nuclear translocation

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Ⅰ. Introduction 1
Ⅱ. Materials and methods 3
1. Animal experiments 3
2. Cell culture and materials 3
3. Mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) 4
4. Western blotting 4
5. Immunofluorescence staining of cells 5
6. Isolation of Golgi-associated microtubule complex fractions 5
7. Isolation of cytosolic and nuclear fractions 6
8. Plasmid transfection 6
9. Microarray data analysis 7
10. Flow cytometry 7
11. siRNA knockdown and overexpression 8
12. Immunohistochemistry 8
13. Durotaxis 9
14. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) 9
15. Statistical analysis 10
Ⅲ. Results 11
1. Age-associated increase of Golgi stress disturbs Golgi function and stacking 11
2. Golgi stress disturbs Golgi-associated perinuclear microtubule assembly 14
3. Zinc deficiency disrupts Golgi microtubule-mediated cell signaling and epigenetic regulation 16
4. Deficient zinc levels in the Golgi disturb its mass, function, division, and Golgi-microtubule structures 19
5. Golgi-zinc deficiency dysregulates p53 signaling 23
6. Golgi-zinc deficiency dysregulates epigenetic regulation 25
7. Schematic representation of the alterations in cellular signaling during aging (and/or zinc deficiency conditions) mediated by Golgi stress 28
Ⅳ. Discussion 30
Ⅴ. Figures legends 37
Ⅵ. References 44
국문요약 47

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