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Citizen Participation in Creating the SDGs Framework and its Influence on Peacebuilding: Case of Bosnia and Herzegovina

  • SMAJIC MERIMA (Ajou University Graduate School of International Studies)

초록/요약

Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) is a country whose political system and governance are limited by the same peace agreement that guaranteed its peaceful existence and end of the war almost 30 years ago. Although the peacebuilding process should be prioritized to form a solid platform for tackling other issues, that process is obstructed due to limited governance. Consequently, civil society organizations became the leaders of the peacebuilding process. Recently, BiH has been making steps towards this goal by mainstreaming Agenda 2030, and including citizens in the consultation process. The SDGs Framework has a potential to unite all levels of government and promote peacebuilding and reconciliation, which essentially treats the problem of limited governance. However, civil society expertise in the peacebuilding process in a necessray component in creating the SDGs Framework so the burning issues in the society including those related to peacebuilding are addressed properly. What citizen participation does, is essentially shape the perfect tool that has the potential to solve the issues in the country, primarily peacebuilding. This thesis tackles the issue of citizen participation in creating the (Sustainable Development Goals) SDGs Framework for Bosnia and Herzegovina, and its influence on peacebuilding. The thesis researches the joint influence of two independent variables because only together, they can achieve the best conditions for peacebuilding as a dependent variable. A combination of qualitative and quantitative research design confirmed the hypothesis that citizen participation in creating the SDGs Framework has a positive influence on peacebuilding. The research covered three aspects of the hypothesis, corresponding to three research questions. The analysis of the SDGs Framework proved the usage of an appropriate citizen involvement tool that guaranteed that citizen participation improved the quality of the decision-making process of the SDGs Framework. The interviews with CSOs confirmed two advantages that CSOs have in the peacebuilding process; No restrictions by complicated government apparatus, and no ethnic divisions within the organization, which are essentially two reasons why citizen participation in creating the SDGs Framework should be favored over government participation to positively influence peacebuilding. The interviews also identified two other reasons besides limited governance that are the cause for the state of peacebuilding in the country. They are outdated constitution and non - compliance with existing policies. Surveys with the citizens of BiH proved that citizens have the capacity to take part in creating the SDGs Framework for BiH, and with that, proved the third aspect of the hypothesis

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목차

CHAPTER ONE – INTRODUCTION 1
1.1. THE BOSNIAN WAR 1
1.2 BREAKUP OF YUGOSLAVIA AND ITS REASONS 2
1.3 PRE-WAR BIH AND FIRST FREE ELECTIONS 3
1.4 DAYTON PEACE AGREEMENT (DPA) 4
1.5 CIVIL SOCIETY AND THE SDGs FRAMEWORK FOR BIH 5
1.6 HYPOTHESIS 6
1.7 RESEARCH QUESTIONS 7
1.8 RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY 8
1.9 LIMITATIONS OF THE THESIS 10
CHAPTER TWO – LITERATURE REVIEW OF CITIZEN PARTICIPATION IN POLICY-MAKING AND AGENDA 2030 11
2.1 CITIZEN PARTICIPATION IN POLICY-MAKING 11
2.2 GLOBAL POLICY-MAKING AND AGENDA 2030 16
2.3 CITIZEN PARTICIPATION IN PEACEBUILDING 17
CHAPTER THREE – GOVERNANCE AND PEACE 20
3.1 PEACE AND PEACE TREATIES 20
3.2 DAYTON PEACE AGREEMENT (DPA) 24
3.3 POLITICAL SYSTEM AND GOVERNANCE IN BIH 26
CHAPTER FOUR - CIVIL SOCIETY AND THE SDGs FRAMEWORK FOR BIH 29
4.1 CIVIL SOCIETY ROLE IN PEACEBUILDING IN BIH 29
4.2 THE SDGs FRAMEWORK FOR BIH 32
4.3 IMAGINE 2030 34
CHAPTER FIVE - CIVIL SOCIETY INFLUENCE ON PEACEBUILDING - RESEARCH RESULTS 37
5.1 INTERVIEWS WITH CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS 38
5.2 CITIZEN SURVEYS 46
5.3 CONCLUSION 50
REFERENCES 52

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