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Combating a modern slavery hoax; Child Labor : A case study of Nepal

  • LOPCHAN PRAKASH (Ajou University Graduate School of International Studies)

초록/요약

ABSTRACT If we look around us, we can witness numerous social problems. Of those, the problem which cannot be expressed is one of the problems which must be fetched out among people. Children are the future and hope for tomorrow. Indeed, unfortunately, many children are being forced into child labor. Children are denied the proper education, protection, health care, and learning environment because they are abused in child labor. The reason behind child labor basically starts from family to the negligence of government, CSOs and other stakeholder. Besides, the reality of finding a solution to the problem, many researchers concentrate on exploring the causes and effects of child labor. Contrary to that, it is better to find the answer to how we can reduce the prevalence of child labor. That could help further investigation to solve the child labor problem. Although it may be ambitious to find the answer as to how we can totally eliminate child labor, this research aims to commence research on how child labor can be reduced. Consequently, this research has examined the scope and effectiveness of government and CSO interventions in reducing child labor in Nepal. Hence, this study aims to empirically examine the effectiveness of interventions made by the government and civil society organizations in reducing child labor in Nepal. For the investigation, primary data has been collected, selecting a diverse geography to avoid the replication of the data. For this, 15 individual interview sessions were conducted with different CSOs as per the availability of participants for the research. Likewise, secondary data was collected from journals, reports, websites, books, and articles. All in all, the investigative research is divided into six chapters, where the first chapter figures out the literature gap with an introductory background on the global scenario and presents the present status of child labor. Further, the significance of studies, research questions, and assumptions have been revised to make research more sensible. The second chapter examines basic literature on child labor, focusing on theoretical findings and the current state of child labor in Nepal, while the third chapter discusses interventions against child labor in Nepal, including how policies, laws, and other initiatives have reduced child labor in Nepal. The fourth chapter describes how and what methods and sources used for analyzing research, while the fifth chapter deals with the presentation and analysis of data acquired from different sources. Last but not least, the final chapter evaluates government and civil society interventions in Nepal with regard to reducing child labor and tries to inform readers of the most effective factors that can be used in order to decrease child labor. Keywords: Child Labor, CSO, Government, Intervention, Combat, Reduce

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목차

CHAPTER I 1
INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background of the study 1
1.2 Understanding Child Labor 3
1.3 Present Global Scenario of Child Labor 4
1.4 Justification of study 5
1.5 Statement of the problem 6
1.6 Objectives of the Study 6
1.7 Research Questions 6
1.8 Theory Statement 7
1.9 Hypothesis 7
1.10 Limitations of study 7
CHAPTER II 9
LITERATURE REVIEW 9
2.1 Theoretical Review 9
2.2 Child Labor Status in Nepal 10
2.3 Policy and Interventions against child labor in Nepal 11
CHAPTER III 12
INTERVENTIONS IN NEPAL 12
3.1 International laws and protocols 12
3.2 Nepal Government Interventions 14
3.2.1 Nepal Government laws and policies on child labor 14
3.2.2 Coordination and Collaboration of Nepal Government on child labor 17
3.2.3 Social Initiative of Nepal Government on child labor 18
3.3 Civil Society Organizations Interventions 20
CHAPTER IV 24
RESEARCH METHODS 24
4.1 Research Design 24
4.2 Methods of Data Collection 24
4.3 Nature and Sources of Data 24
4.4 Direct Interview 26
4.5 Descriptive Analysis 26
4.6 Data Analysis and Presentation 26
CHAPTER V 28
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS 28
5.1 Household context and economy 28
5.1.1 Status of families sending child labor 28
5.1.2 Awareness level of families sending child labor on legislation 29
5.1.3 Causes that family stop sending child labor 29
5.2 Government Interventions 31
5.2.1 Government legislation against child labor 31
5.2.3 Effective implementation of activities against child labor by Government 33
5.2.4 Interventions by Government against child labor 33
5.2.5 Effective intervention made by Government against child labor 35
5.2.6 Improvements needs for Government combating against child labor 36
5.3 CSOs Interventions 37
5.3.1 Availability of CSOs strategy and specific plan against child labor 37
5.3.2 Effective implementation of activities against child labor by CSOs 38
5.3.3 Areas of CSOs working in combating child labor 39
5.3.4 Effective interventions by CSOs against child labor 40
5.3.5 Improvement needs for CSOs in combating child labor 41
5.4 Government and CSOs Coordination 42
5.4.1 Necessity of Government and CSOs collaboration and control proportion against 42
Child labor 42
5.4.2 Collective interventions of Government and CSOs against child labor 43
CHAPTER VI 46
CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATION 46
6.1 Conclusion 46
6.1.1 Government interventions 46
6.1.2 CSOs interventions 48
6.2 Recommendation 49
6.2.1 Recommendations to Government 49
6.2.2 Recommendations to CSOs 50
6.3 Further Study 51
ANNEX I 52
Questionnaire 52
References 57

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