Environmental and Economical Evaluation of Natural Gas Vehicles Promotion Program in the city of Baghdad
- 주제(키워드) Natural Gas , Environment , air pollutants , Iraq , Baghdad
- 발행기관 아주대학교
- 지도교수 Yong Hun Jung
- 발행년도 2021
- 학위수여년월 2021. 2
- 학위명 석사
- 학과 국제대학원 융합에너지학과
- 실제URI http://www.dcollection.net/handler/ajou/000000030445
- 본문언어 영어
- 저작권 아주대학교 논문은 저작권에 의해 보호받습니다.
초록/요약
There is lack of a clear vision of the environmental impacts resulting from using the alternative Liquified Natural Gas (LPG) as a fuel for vehicles instead of the current diesel and gasoline in the city of Baghdad. Conversion to LPG is the installation of a second fuel system, including an LPG tank, adjustments of the intake manifold, a new electronic control unit and different fittings. Such modifications allow the vehicles to run on both fuels. The global trend of realizing the importance of using alternative fuels such as LPG, has been encouraging Iraqi ministry of oil to focus more on exploration and exploitation projects. LPG is preferred as it regarded a clean fuel that do not pollute the environment. This confirmed fact was an incentive for energy experts to explore new avenues, which make it an alternative to other hydrocarbons. An overview of the environmental issues of implementation the LPG vehicles program in five cities in Baghdad Governorate will be addressed. The five air pollutants (SO2, NO2, NOx PM10 and CO) relationship and the LPG vehicles ratio will be analyzed by panel data analysis. Results show that PM10 and CO is slightly significantly decreased with an increase in the LPG vehicles ratio. SO2 and NO2 reveal no statistically significant relationship with LPG vehicles’ ratio.
more목차
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 RESEARCH MOTIVATION 1
1.2 BACKGROUND OF THE RESEARCH 1
1.3 PROBLEM STATEMENT 3
1.4 RESEARCH SCOPE AND OBJECTIVES 4
1.5 HYPOTHESIS 6
1.6 RESEARCH PROCESS 6
CHAPTER 2 DISTRIBUTION OF NATURAL GAS VEHICLES 7
2.1 WORLD NGVS FLEET 7
2.2 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE IRAQI NGVS FLEET 10
CHAPTER 3: PRELIMINARY STUDIES 14
3.1 NATURAL GAS AS A FUEL 14
3.2 CONTEXT OF STUDY AND RECENT TRENDS 17
3.3 POLLUTANTS EMISSION FROM IRAQI TRANSPORT SECTOR 18
CHAPTER 4 : MODEL AND DATA 21
4.1 MODEL 21
4.2 DATA 28
CHAPTER 5: RESULT 32
5.1 SO2 32
5.2 CO 33
5.3 NOX 34
5.4 PM10 35
5.5 NO2 35
CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION 37
BIBLIOGRAPHY 41
APPENDIX 48
