Design and characterization of drug release-modulating injectable gel depot
Design and characterization of drug release-modulating injectable gel depot
- 주제(키워드) Long acting injectable hydrogel
- 발행기관 아주대학교
- 지도교수 이범진
- 발행년도 2020
- 학위수여년월 2020. 2
- 학위명 석사
- 학과 및 전공 일반대학원 약학과
- 실제URI http://www.dcollection.net/handler/ajou/000000029503
- 본문언어 영어
- 저작권 아주대학교 논문은 저작권에 의해 보호받습니다.
초록/요약
Abstract The objective of this study is to develop pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) modulated injectable gel depot of aripiprazole (ARP) with controlled gelation time and sustained release for 14 days. In this study, ARP was chosen as a model drug. PLP was used to control gelation time of alginate hydrogel and glucono-delta-lactone (GDL) was used for gelation triggering agent. When only alginate and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) exist in solution, gelation doesn’t occur due to the very low solubility of CaCO3. GDL is hydrolyzed in aqueous solution, slowly lowering the pH and increasing the solubility of CaCO3. As a result, gelation occurs by reaction of alginate and calcium cations released from CaCO3. PLP can combines with calcium cations to form pyridoxal calcium phosphate to control the gelation time by lowering the concentration of free calcium cations. The injectability of sol state before gelation was investigated with a syringe. The physicochemical properties of hydrogel were evaluated by using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Moreover, swelling ratio, in-vitro degradation ratio, stiffness and drug release profiles of hydrogel were also characterized. The sustained release of ARP was executed in phosphate buffer saline (pH 7.4) containing 0.25 % SLS under incubation in water bath (37°C, 50 rpm) for 14 days. Stability of the optimal formulation in sol state, before adding GDL solution, was conducted at 25℃ for 1 month by measuring viscosity. The appropriate gelation time of 1 minute 30 seconds, 3 minutes 40 seconds and 9 minutes was obtained when GDL and PLP were used at a ratio of 1:1.555 (0.18:0.28), 1:2 (0.14:0.28) and 1:1.666 (0.18:0.3), respectively. When the amount of GDL was fixed, the gelation time became longer as PLP increased. The sol state before gelation was found to be injectable with a syringe. The hydrogel with the ratio of GDL to PLP of 1:1.666 (0.18:0.3) degraded slowly compared to other 2 formulations and had rigidity value of 3.55 ± 0.060 kPa, slightly lower than muscle. The sustained release effect was maximized when the GDL and PLP was used at a ratio of 1:1.666 (0.18:0.3). As GDL and PLP increased respectively, the sustained release effect improved. The hydrogel successfully released aripiprazole for 14 days. The optimal hydrogel formulation with gelation time of 9 minutes and the highest sustained release effect showed constant viscosity in sol state after storage at 25°C for 1 month.
more목차
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Background 1
1.1.1 Geographical and social properties of Solomon Islands 1
1.1.2 Solomon Power: State-owned enterprise 2
1.1.3 Energy situation 4
1.1.4 Supply and demand for electrical generation 5
1.1.5 Hydropower 6
1.1.6 Energy division and policy 8
1.1.7 Monetary currency application 8
1.2 Chapter outline 8
Chapter 2 Solomon Islands approach 10
2.1 Anthropology in brief 10
2.2 Village minds and money 10
2.2.1 Solomon Islands hydro dispute case 11
2.2.2 Project Initiation on affirmative land and resource ownership 12
2.2.3 Project pursuance agreement 12
2.2.4 Costs of tribal dispute settlement 12
2.2.5 Compensations 12
2.2.6 Time extension for land resolvement 12
Chapter 3 Technical aspects of hydropower 13
3.1 Desktop study 13
3.1.1 Introduction 13
3.1.2 Hydrological studies 13
3.1.3 Outstations traveling arrangements 13
3.1.4 Load assessment basis for outstations 14
3.1.5 Precipitation 15
3.1.6 Sedimentations 16
3.2 Prefeasibility 17
3.2.1 Site outlaying design 19
3.2.2 Pelton run-off- river (40kW) costs analysis 19
3.2.3 Limitations and turbine selection 21
3.2.4 An alternative design for turbine 22
3.2.4.1 Francis turbines 22
3.2.4.2 Turbine costing 23
3.2.4.3 Turbine cost in percentage 23
3.3 Feasibility 24
3.3.1 Preliminary estimates 24
3.3.2 Formula based estimates 24
3.3.3 Detailed cost estimates 25
3.3.4 Project cost 25
3.3.4.1 Solomon power hydro feasibility project costing 26
3.3.5 Dam 27
3.3.6 Power House 28
3.3.7 Civil structure 29
3.3.8 Electromechanical structure 30
3.3.9 Generator 31
3.3.10 Turbine 31
3.4 Operation and management 31
3.4.1 Rural area 31
3.4.2 Urban area 32
Chapter 4 Environmental impact on economy 33
4.1 Introduction 33
4.2 Water 33
4.2.1 Tina hydro water assessment description 33
4.2.2 Plant impact on water diversion 33
4.2.3 Water quality 33
4.2.4 Animal impact 34
4.2.5 Fish 34
4.2.5.1 Aquatic Animals 34
4.3 Grounds 34
4.4 Air 35
Chapter 5 Financial, administrative impact on economy 36
5.1 Introduction 36
5.2 Finance and accounting 36
5.2.1 Small hydro development financial analysis 36
5.2.1.1 The internal rate of return 37
5.2.1.2 FNPV for Solomon Power hydro studies 37
5.2.1.3 FIRR value for Solomon Power hydropower studies 38
5.2.1.4 Small hydropower systems below 100W capacity 39
5.3 Financial analysis 40
5.3.1 IPP power producer 40
5.3.2 Financial risks 41
5.3.3 Financial viability of project flow diagram 41
5.4 Administration 43
5.4.1 Analysis of the process of project implementation 45
Chapter 6 Policy development 46
6.1 Introduction 46
6.2 Policy update and amendments 46
Chapter 7 Conclusion 48
Bibliography 49
