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Economic and Policy Analysis and Promotion of a Micro Hydro power Feasibility Project in Solomon Islands

초록/요약

This thesis is centered on the topic of hydro powers in the country. The Solomon Islands has established quite a substantial number of hydropower existing installations. This study reveals the feasibility studies on hydro powers in the country to develop economic policies on data manipulation and findings. The feasibility studies are compiled and assessed to formulate a general analysis on the basis of an economic perspective. Policies are raised to address errors and problems during feasibilities in technical aspects, financial, administration and economical aspects. It is important that these constraints are hereby discussed along with scenarios and case examples encountered to reach the sound policies necessary to meet national energy standards. The first analysis is a psychological view of the behavior and attitudes of people through hydro projects. It would require a good understanding of the people or landowners primarily to make better negotiation or proposing a feasibility study on that area. Bearing this in mind an analysis of the Melanesians within the country will be closely observed. Part of their culture and customs also influences their decision making in hydro projects. Project cases relating to people’s approach has embarked to assume their natural behaviors. One such case would be the Fiu hydro case. The project was stopped due to unresolved issues with the landowner. Methods of resolving these problems are suggested to help avoid future occurrences. The second analysis focuses on the technical aspects. There are three parts, the desktop studies, and prefeasibility and feasibility studies. A collection of studies derived from the Solomon Power and Pelena studies are carefully examined and graphically illustrated to aid the understanding of the complex areas. From the desktop study, hydrological modeling, precipitation, and sedimentation will also be considered to build a firm foundation scheme. In the prefeasibility studies, the potential for hydro development in selected islands is apprehended with the illustration of tables and charts. The key factors in this section are the costs for engineers and economists to design and plan. Each of the head types, facilities, and their corresponding costs were estimated by more transparent representation for selection of each hydro type. There are also some cases of turbine costs studies from other countries placed to show the percentages of the cost that are suitable for the country’s feasibility case. Pressing further to the feasibility study the target is still on the cost-based estimates and a study on the Tina hydro feasibility. The two methods of estimates, the preliminary and formula based are discussed to elaborate costing options. In terms of percentage, the project may look at costing allocated on civil, generator construction and electric regulation are an easy estimation to make for hydro projects. Then, the Solomon Island hydropower feasibility project costing is tabulated and graphed to see the general outlook in terms of percentage on each component in the hydro scheme. Tina hydro dam and powerhouse is the subject of the interesting feasibility study. They are expected to make the most important contribution to the capital electrification demand. The proposal to start implementing has scheduled to start the construction next year 2020. The fundamental components of the feasibility study are explained and evaluated to give opinions of the project in the technical area. To sum up the technical perspective one crucial service is the operation and management for both rural and urban areas. This remains a subject that causes many hydro projects slowing down and stopping in the long run. Reasons for these will leave to the reader to unearth. The third issue streams to the environmental impact on the economy. The only full detail resource available in environmental impact assessment will be on Tina hydro. It is carefully analyzed the environmental impact on the effect on water, air, and land. Costing related to compensations on the effects is to be included. Financial and administrative impact on the economy is covered in the fourth chapter. The areas of significance are the internal rate of return and net present value and financial risks and management. These factor helps to determine the economical feasible in money wise. Finally, policy development can significantly impact the event and experiences of hydro development projects. The policies prepared are to tackle the current national economical electrical demand and improving the human standard of living. Each policy is refined to its thematic areas. All policies created and or modified are subject to the hydropower schemes. The applications through environmental, technical, finance and administrations and economical events and activities put to the policies for the upcoming Solomon Island policy review which is scheduled to be finalized.

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목차

Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Background 1
1.1.1 Geographical and social properties of Solomon Islands 1
1.1.2 Solomon Power: State-owned enterprise 2
1.1.3 Energy situation 4
1.1.4 Supply and demand for electrical generation 5
1.1.5 Hydropower 6
1.1.6 Energy division and policy 8
1.1.7 Monetary currency application 8
1.2 Chapter outline 8
Chapter 2 Solomon Islands approach 10
2.1 Anthropology in brief 10
2.2 Village minds and money 10
2.2.1 Solomon Islands hydro dispute case 11
2.2.2 Project Initiation on affirmative land and resource ownership 12
2.2.3 Project pursuance agreement 12
2.2.4 Costs of tribal dispute settlement 12
2.2.5 Compensations 12
2.2.6 Time extension for land resolvement 12
Chapter 3 Technical aspects of hydropower 13
3.1 Desktop study 13
3.1.1 Introduction 13
3.1.2 Hydrological studies 13
3.1.3 Outstations traveling arrangements 13
3.1.4 Load assessment basis for outstations 14
3.1.5 Precipitation 15
3.1.6 Sedimentations 16
3.2 Prefeasibility 17
3.2.1 Site outlaying design 19
3.2.2 Pelton run-off- river (40kW) costs analysis 19
3.2.3 Limitations and turbine selection 21
3.2.4 An alternative design for turbine 22
3.2.4.1 Francis turbines 22
3.2.4.2 Turbine costing 23
3.2.4.3 Turbine cost in percentage 23
3.3 Feasibility 24
3.3.1 Preliminary estimates 24
3.3.2 Formula based estimates 24
3.3.3 Detailed cost estimates 25
3.3.4 Project cost 25
3.3.4.1 Solomon power hydro feasibility project costing 26
3.3.5 Dam 27
3.3.6 Power House 28
3.3.7 Civil structure 29
3.3.8 Electromechanical structure 30
3.3.9 Generator 31
3.3.10 Turbine 31
3.4 Operation and management 31
3.4.1 Rural area 31
3.4.2 Urban area 32
Chapter 4 Environmental impact on economy 33
4.1 Introduction 33
4.2 Water 33
4.2.1 Tina hydro water assessment description 33
4.2.2 Plant impact on water diversion 33
4.2.3 Water quality 33
4.2.4 Animal impact 34
4.2.5 Fish 34
4.2.5.1 Aquatic Animals 34
4.3 Grounds 34
4.4 Air 35
Chapter 5 Financial, administrative impact on economy 36
5.1 Introduction 36
5.2 Finance and accounting 36
5.2.1 Small hydro development financial analysis 36
5.2.1.1 The internal rate of return 37
5.2.1.2 FNPV for Solomon Power hydro studies 37
5.2.1.3 FIRR value for Solomon Power hydropower studies 38
5.2.1.4 Small hydropower systems below 100W capacity 39
5.3 Financial analysis 40
5.3.1 IPP power producer 40
5.3.2 Financial risks 41
5.3.3 Financial viability of project flow diagram 41
5.4 Administration 43
5.4.1 Analysis of the process of project implementation 45
Chapter 6 Policy development 46
6.1 Introduction 46
6.2 Policy update and amendments 46
Chapter 7 Conclusion 48
Bibliography 49

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