디알킬카보네이트 제조 부반응물 분리 공정 개발
development of separation process of byproduct in the production of dialkyl carbonate
- 주제(키워드) 디알킬카보네이트 제조 시 발생하는 부반응물 분리 공정 개발
- 발행기관 아주대학교
- 지도교수 이분열
- 발행년도 2019
- 학위수여년월 2019. 8
- 학위명 석사
- 학과 및 전공 공학대학원 화학생명공학과
- 실제URI http://www.dcollection.net/handler/ajou/000000029354
- 본문언어 한국어
- 저작권 아주대학교 논문은 저작권에 의해 보호받습니다.
초록/요약
엔지니어링 플라스틱의 대표적인 고분자 중 하나인 폴리카보네이트 (polycarbonate, PC)는 우수한 기계적, 전기적, 광학적 성질로 다양한 분야에 사용되고 있다. 일반적으로 PC는 bisphenol-A(BPA)와 포스겐(phosgene)을 용액상에서 반응시키는 계면 중합법 (interfacial polymerization)을 사용하여 제조하여 왔는데, 포스겐의 독성으로 인한 환경적인 이슈로 포스겐과 유기 용매를 사용하지 않는 환경 친화적인 용융 중합법 (melt Polymerization)으로 대체되고 있다. 용융 중합법(melt Polymerization)은 BPA를 연결해주는 매개체(linker)로 독성이 높은 포스겐 대신 디페닐카보네이트(diphenyl carbonate)를 사용하여 제조한다. 디페닐카보네이트는 에틸렌 옥사이드(Ethylene oxide)에 이산화탄소(CO2)를 삽입시켜 에틸렌카보네이트(ethylene carbonate)를 제조하고, 에틸렌카보네이트와 알코올의 반응(alcoholysis)으로 디알킬카보네이트(dialkyl carbonate) 를 생성한 후, 디알킬카보네이트(dialkyl carbonate)와 페놀의 에스테르 교환반응으로 다 단계를 거쳐 제조하는데, 이때 반응 증류 공정으로 반응과 분리 및 회수를 동시에 수행함으로써 연속적인 생산이 가능하다. 에틸렌카보네이트를 알코올과 반응시켜 디알킬카보네이트를 합성하는 과정에서 알콕시에탄올이 함께 생성되는데 알콕시에탄올이 함유된 디알킬카보네이트는 페놀과의 반응으로 디페닐카보네이트를 합성하는 과정에서 부반응을 유발하여 수율을 감소시키기 때문에, 디알킬카보네이트로부터 알콕시에탄올을 효율적으로 제거하는 공정에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 알코올 종류에 따라 디알킬카보네이트 제조 과정에서 생성 되는 부반응물인 알콕시에탄올의 생성 과정을 제안하였으며, 생성량에 영향을 미치는 인자들을 실험적으로 확인하였다. 범용성 화학공정 정상상태 모사기인 Aspen Plus를 이용하여 공정에서 부반응물 효율적으로 제거하기 위한 증류탑의 조업조건을 찾아내었고, 공정모사의 기초가 되는 열역학 정보들은 Aspen data bank와 상평형 실험을 통해 도출하였다. 또한 부족한 정보는 Aspen Properties를 사용하여 예측하였다. 그 결과, 에탄올을 사용하여 디에틸카보네이를 제조하는 것이 메탄올을 사용하여 디에틸카보네이를 제조하는 것 대비 부반응물 발생량을 줄일 수 있었으나, 부반응물인 에톡시에탄올과 생성물인 디에틸카보네이트가 공비를 형성하여 분리하기가 용이하지 않고 또한 더 많은 에너지가 필요한 것을 확인할 수 있었다.
more목차
Ⅰ. 서 론······················································································1
Ⅱ. 에틸렌카보네이트(EC)로부터 디알킬카보네이트(DRC)의 합성·········3
1. 디메틸카보네이트(DMC) 합성 및 부반응물 생성 메카니즘·········3
2. 디에틸카보네이트(DEC) 합성 및 부반응물 생성 메커니즘··········4
Ⅲ. 실험 ······················································································6
1. 부반응 발생 실험·································································6
1) 실험 장치·······································································6
2) 실험 재료 및 시약···························································6
3) 실험 방법·······································································7
4) 실험 결과·······································································7
4-1) 반응온도 영향성······················································7
4-2) 원료 몰비 영향성····················································9
4-3) 촉매 농도 영향성··················································11
5) 실험 결과 요약······························································12
2. 상평형 측정········································································14
1) 실험 장치······································································14
2) 실험 재료 및 시약··························································18
3) 실험 방법······································································18
4) 실험 결과 ····································································18
Ⅳ. Aspen Plus를 이용한 공정모사 결과 및 고찰······························26
1. 부반응물 분리를 위한 공정 구성··········································26
2. 입력값··············································································27
3. 결과 및 고찰·····································································28
Ⅳ. 결론 31
참고 문헌 34
Abstract···················································································· 35
